All Measures
The following page details all measures. Use the navigation to jump to any specific measurePatient Reported
Patient Reported Outcomes Measures (PROM)
Quality of Life
Health Status (howRu)
The howRu health status measure is a short generic Patient-Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) to track and compare patients’ perceptions of how they feel and what they can do. (PROM, 24 words, Reading age 8 years).
Benson T, et al. Evaluation of a new short generic measure of HRQoL: howRu. Inform Prim Care 2010;18:89–101. (pdf)
Personal Well-being (PWS)
The Personal Well-being Score (PWS) is a simplified version of the ONS4. It covers life evaluation, worthwhileness, happiness and anxiety. (PROM, 29 words, Reading age 9 years)
Benson T, et al. Personal Wellbeing Score (PWS) – a short version of ONS4: development and validation in social prescribing. BMJ Open Qual 2019;8:e000394. (pdf)
Individualised (PSO)
The Person-Specific Outcome measure (PSO) is a short generic individualised outcome measure, where patients type in one or two issues that concern them most, which are then rated in terms of the amount of concern each is causing. (PROM, 34 words, Reading age 7 years)
Sleep
Sleep patterns are an important determinant of health and well-being. (PROM, 29 words, Reading age 6 years)
Fatigue
Fatigue is a common complaint in primary care and has a big impact on quality of life. (PROM, 27 words, Reading age 9 years)
Individual care
Health Confidence (HCS)
The Health Confidence Score (HCS) captures what people think about their health literacy, self-efficacy, access to care and shared decision-making. (PROM, 38 words, Reading age 7 years)
Benson T, et al. Development and initial testing of a Health Confidence Score (HCS). BMJ Open Qual 2019;8:e000411. (pdf)
Self-care
Self-Care includes self-management of diet, physical activity, weight and medication. (PROM, 28 words, Reading age 9 years)
Shared Decisions (SDM)
Shared decisions (SDM) covers patients’ involvement in clinical decisions, including their understanding of the choices and the risks and benefits of each. (PROM, 28 words, Reading age 9 years)
Behaviour change
Behaviour change covers your capability, opportunity and motivation (conscious and unconscious) to change what you do, based on Michie’s COM-B model. (PROM, 29 words, Reading age 6 years)
Adherence
Adherence includes remembering to take medications, do treatments and to follow instructions, given side-effects, recovery and satisfaction. (PROM, 32 words, Reading age 8 years)
Acceptance of loss
Acceptance of loss covers how you cope with loss, learn to live with events, including recognition of capabilities and change, how to do things differently and to move on with life, along the lines of the grief cycle. (PROM, 32 words, Reading age 6 years)
Community
Social Determinants of Health (SDH)
Social Determinants of Health (SDH) impact health and care outcomes but are outside the clinical system. Education, autonomy, housing and poverty all play a big role. (PROM, 31 words, Reading age 7 years)
Social Contact
Social Contact is an important determinant of health and well-being. This measure focuses on peoples’ perception of loneliness and their social relationships in a positive way. (PROM, 31 words, Reading age 7 years)
Neighbour relationships
Neighbour relationships, community cohesion and social capital are impacted by how well people know, trust and help each other. (PROM, 10 words, Reading age 8 years)
Personal safety
Personal safety includes physical safety (from injury) and emotional safety (from verbal abuse or discrimination), which may take place either inside your own home or when you go out. (PROM, 30 words, Reading age 10 years)
Loneliness
This measure is included as an alternative to Social Contact (above), based on guidance from the Office of National Statistics (ONS). (PROM, 17 words, Reading age 5 years)
Patient Reported Experience Measures (PREM)
Care provided
Patient Experience (howRwe)
The howRwe Patient-Reported Experience Measure (PREM) measures patients’ perception of service provided (kindness, communication, promptness and organisation). (PREM, 18 words, Reading age 7 years)
Benson T, Potts HWW. A short generic patient experience questionnaire: howRwe development and validation. BMC Health Serv Res 2014;14:499.
Service Integration
Service Integration captures patients’ perceptions of how well different services work together to help them. (PREM, 35 words, Reading age 8 years)
Benson T. Measure what we want: a taxonomy of short generic person-reported outcome and experience measures (PROMs and PREMs). BMJ Open Qual 2020;9:e000789. (pdf)
Privacy
Privacy covers patients’ perceptions of data protection, sharing and information governance. (PREM, 37 words, Reading age 10 years)
Innovation
Digital confidence
Digital confidence assesses people’s confidence in using digital apps and similar devices. (PREM, 36 words, Reading age 12 years)
Product confidence
Product confidence covers understanding of and confidence in using a specific innovation, application or product. (PREM, 25 words, Reading age 10 years)
User satisfaction
User satisfaction focuses on people’s perception of how much an innovation is useful and easy to use, availability of help and overall satisfaction. (PREM, 33 words, Reading age 6 years)
Training
The Training measure is based on Kirkpatrick’s four levels (Reaction, Learning, Behaviour and Results), which were first introduced in the 1950s. (PREM, 34 words, Reading age 7 years)
Staff Reported Outcomes
R-Outcomes’ family of short generic staff-reported measures cover job satisfaction (work well-being) and confidence and their view of the service provided, staff relationships, how well services work together and shared decision-making.
In many situations, staff are well placed to judge the quality of services provided, because they see patients all day. Staff measures are usually collected anonymously. All R-Outcomes measures require a license.
Outcome Staff Measures
About Me (S)
Health Status (S)
The howRu health status measure is a short generic Patient-Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) to track and compare patients’ perceptions of how they feel and what they can do. (PROM, 24 words, Reading age 8 years).
Benson T, et al. Evaluation of a new short generic measure of HRQoL: howRu. Inform Prim Care 2010;18:89–101. (pdf)
Work wellbeing (WWS)
The Work Wellbeing Score (WWS) measures staff satisfaction in four ways: overall satisfaction, worthwhileness, happiness and anxiety. The WWS is based on ONS personal wellbeing questions.
Job confidence (JCS)
The Job Confidence Score (JCS) is a short measure of staff confidence to do their job, addressing knowledge, ability to manage the work, access to help and involvement in decisions.
Individualised (PSO)
The Person-Specific Outcome measure (PSO) is a short generic individualised outcome measure, where patients type in one or two issues that concern them most, which are then rated in terms of the amount of concern each is causing.
About Patients
Patient confidence (S)
Patient confidence is a member of staff’s view of his or her patients’ health confidence.
Assessed need (howRthey)
Staff or carer assessment of patients with dementia and frailty being cared for at home or in residential care homes.
Team service
This measure captures staff perceptions of the care they provide to patients, in a way that is independent of specialty or type of treatment.
Service integration (S)
Better care integration is essential to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of new models of care.
About Us
Staff relationships
Good relationships and communication between staff working in different services are critically important for patients seeking joined up care.
Shared decisions (S)
This measure covers staff views on their patients involvement in clinical decisions, including the risks and benefits of each option.
Patient safety (S)
Patient safety focuses on clinical aspects of safety including adverse events and cultural attitudes towards safety and learning from incidents.
Staff safety
Staff need to feel safe from being attacked by patients or bullied by managers within the organisation and outside.
Privacy
Privacy covers patients and staff perceptions of information governance including data protection, data sharing, subject access and satisfaction.
Innovation (S)
IT capability
IT capability, which is also called digital confidence, assesses how staff feel about using IT at work in terms of confidence, learning, getting help and solving problems.
Product confidence
Product confidence is a measure of user reaction to a product or service. It addresses four aspects: usage, confidence and understanding of benefits and issues for the product.
User satisfaction
User satisfaction focuses on people’s perception of how much an innovation is useful and easy to use, availability of help and overall satisfaction.
Digital readiness
People and organisations vary in how ready they are to adopt innovations. People may or may not be open to the need for change or be well-informed about what is possible. Organisations may or may not be receptive to new ideas or have the capability to make change work well.
Innovation process
Innovation process is based on Normalisation Process Theory (NPT), which focuses on project management and engagement. (PREM, 35 words, Reading age 7 years)
Training (S)
The Training measure is based on Kirkpatrick’s four levels (Reaction, Learning, Behaviour and Results), which were first introduced in the 1950s.
Carer Measures
The well-being, confidence and experience of paid and unpaid carers is being recognised increasingly as an important issue. These measures have been developed from patient-reported measures to reflect the needs of carers and those they care for.
Variants of these measures have been used in care homes, home care and by family carers. All use the standard R-Outcomes format of four question items with four response options each.
Cared for
This measure captures the amount of help needed by the person being cared for, including unpredictable needs and behaviour problems. (PROM, 28 words, Reading age 9 years)
Carer Wellbeing
Carer well-being measures how being a carer impacts their quality of life. (PROM, 31 words, Reading age 9 years)
Carer Confidence
Carer confidence measures people’s perception of their capability in the carer role. (PROM, 29 words, Reading age 8 years.
Shared Decisions
Shared decisions focus on the carer’s perception of being involved in decisions that affect them and the person they care for. (PROM, 28 words, Reading age 9 years)
Carer Experience (howRwe)
Carer experience focuses on the support carers receive from the health and care services. (PREM, 19 words, Reading age 7 years)
Service Integration
Service integration measures how well services collaborate to help carers and the people they care for. (PREM, 30 words, Reading age 8 years)